高句麗 八角形建物址에 대한 연구

A Study on the Excavation Sites with Octagonal Shape of Building in Goguryo

The pcurpose of this writing is to set the octagonal buildings, one of the representative building type of Goguryeo architecture, in historic sequence as we have the news of discovery of the octagonal building sites within the palace sites that is newly discovered from the excavation of China on the Hwando Mountain Fortress of Goguryo (currently, Jilin Province). By comprehensive search of archaeological and architectural writings in North Korean academic sector with the focus on the octagonal shape of buildings, I have attempted to set the standard needed for understanding of the functions and characteristic of the octagonal buildings. To this point of time, the octagonal buildings have taken special position within the architectural history of Korea as well as the architectural history of Goguryeo. Under the Cheongam-ri site, Sango-ri site and Wono-ri site (located in Pyeongyang) surveyed under the Japanese colonial time, the Garam (Buddhist temple) site plan with octagonal wooden pagoda site in focus was confirmed. After the liberation in 1945, the Garam site plan was discovered in the Jeongreungsa Temple site in Pyeongyang and Toseong-ri temple site in Whanghae-do Province of North Korea that the octagonal wooden pagoda sites have taken as the representative architectural form for Goguryeo. Thereafter, the octagonal buildings have become the unique and independent work of Goguryeo, and even when the Buddhist temples, so-called three-main hall composition, were dispersed to neighboring countries, it could not display the octagonal shape. Octagonal stylobate, octagonal column, octagonal ceiling and other architectural elements with octagonal shape are emerged only in the relics of Goguryeo that such a discourse is expected to continue for some time. The assertions that the octagonal stone lamp or octagonal stone well of Balhae and octagonal stone pagoda in Goryeo were inherited from Goguryeo were based on the above discourse. However, under the excavation survey of the Yeongmyosa Temple site (1978 and 1981) in Gyeongju had a pair of octagonal wooden pagoda discovered. And in Najeong excavation site, a place with the myth of foundation of Silla Kingdom, the large octagonal building site that attracted significant interests from the domestic academic sector was discovered in 2002. Therefore, as the method of spatial composition or scale of octagonal building sites discovered in Najeong site in Gyeongju is analysed, the ensuing studies are planned to compare the octagonal building sites of Goguryeo with that of Silla. Furthermore, a comparative study on the octagonal pagoda of China or octagonal shrine building of Japan is made to shed the light on the status of octagonal buildings in East Asia in the aspects of function and structure.