고구려 집안지역 묘주도 의자의 계보와 전개

The Origin and Development of the Chair in Tomb Painting of Koguryo

In this study, I paid attention on the chairs on which the owner of the tomb sits, among the crafted products being expressed in the mural painting of tombs of Koguryo(高句麗). Tomb paintings were expressed for limited period of time from the middle of the 4th century to the beginning of the 6th century when life custom's paintings appeared in the wall paintings of tombs of Pyeongyang(平壤) area and Jian(集安) area. Parts attracting our interest among these tomb paintings are regional difference of the structure of seats between Jian area and Pyeongyang area. As indicated, original forms of tomb paintings of Koguryo are found in the curtain scene having been famous at Liaoning(遼寧) areas in the era of Han(漢) dynasty and Weijin(魏晉) dynasty. The reason for the difference of the structure of seats may be because of reflection of different use of seats between Jian area and Pyeongyang area. First of all, in order to understand difference of chair culture being established in Jian area, the researcher analyzed use of Tap(Ta, 榻) and Three leg leaning table(三足?机), one of the Chinese style furniture at Pyeongyang and Hwanghaedo(黃海道) areas. From the fact that owner of tombs appearing in the Anak tomb no. 3(安岳 3號墳) and the Deokheungrigobun(德興里古墳) sitting on chairs being composed of top and Three leg leaning table, I thought that cultual tendency of Northern China had been newly introduced into Pyeongyang area. But Three leg leaning table and Zumi(Zhuwei, 주尾), which were goods showing authority of politicians in the Northern China disappeared after the Deokheungrigobun in 408. That seemed to be because the royal family of Koguryo hadn't needed refugee politicians of China any more in order to control aboriginal Chinese who had settled down at these areas for long time from the period of Naknang(樂浪). At Jian area of Koguryo, chair culture of standing life was established entirely differently from Pyeongyang area. The researcher thought that Koguryo's chair culture wouldn't be unrelated with inner environment where the sitting space and the standing space for putting on shoes were mixed. Korean under-floor heating system was confirmed at house sites of Nodamri, Sijunggun, Jagangdo, remains of Dongdaeja and the Boru Castle no. 4 at the Mt. Acha. In addition, from the fact that the owners of the tombs at the north room of Gakjeochong(角抵塚) and the Tonggu tomb no. 12(通溝12號墳) were warriors, I judged that chair culture enabling quick activities would have been proper for disposition of Koguryo people. As shown in the painting of reception of Buddhist monks found in the Muyongchong(舞踊塚), the Buddhist culture being newly accepted by Koguryo is judged to have made great influence on settlement of chair culture.