어머니이 양육행동과 취학전 아동의 친사회적 행동

Maternal Parenting Behaviors and Preschoolers' Prosocial Behavior

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in maternal parenting behaviors and preschoolers' prosocial behavior according to social-demographic factors of family, and to identify the effect of maternal parenting behaviors on preschoolers' prosocial behavior. The subjects of this study were 173 preschool children (84 boys and 89 girls aged from 3- to 7-year old) and their mothers drawn from two kindergarten in Chung-ju. The pilot study was done to examine the applicability of a self-reported survey instrument for mothers and pictorial instrument for interviewing with children. Data were analyzed by the frequency, percentages, Cronbach acoefficient, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation using SPSSWIN program. The results of this study as follows: 1) In the social demographic factors of family, differences in guidance and receptivity to emotions among maternal parenting behaviors according to the number of children, parent's schooling, and the time of spending with their mother were found. It appeared that mothers who had fewer children, more educated, and spent time more with children were likely to show the guidance and receptivity to emotions to their children. There were differences in interpersonal skill among prosocial behaviors according to mother's work status. 2) Mother's limit setting had affected on self-control and adjustment behavior at school among preschooler's prosocial behaviors. Also, mother's responsiveness was moderately correlated with children's prosocial behaviors. However, mother's guidance and receptivity did not show significant relationship with preschoolers' prosocial behaviors.