開途國間 特惠貿易制度(GSTP)와 우리나라의 向後 對應方向

A Study on Global System of Trade Preferences among Developing Countries

This study focused on GSTP, which is full-lettered as to a global system of trade preferences among deveoping countries. In the fourth ministerial meeting of the Group of 77, Arusha, the milnisters recommended that, i) a long-term objective on a global system of trade preferences must be established among developing counties, ii) as a first step, priority should be given to the strengthening and linking up of the existinig subregional, regional and interregional preferential schemes as expanding the scope of bilateral arrangements, iii) the following principles, pending the completion of the meetings proposed in paragraph, iv) below, should provide guidelines for work in this field: a) the recognition that a GSTP would constitute a mojor instrument for the promotion of trade, production and employment among developing countries; b) the recognition of the complexities and difficulties involved in the creation of a GSTP, which calls for a realistic step-by-step approach on the part of all interested govermments; c) that a GSTP should not rely only on traditional tariff concessions, but in addition to covering non-tariff barriers, it ought to be progressively interrelated with other measures in the field of production, marketing, payments, finance and transport; d) the strengthening of existing and the establishment of new subregional and regional trade preferences among developing countries; e) the GSTP would need to be based on the principle of mutuality of advantages, so as to yield benefits to all participants; taking into account the respective levels of economic and industrial development, trade patterns and trade regimes of individual developing countries; f) in addition to non-reciprocal trade preferences, effective special treatment would be required in favour of products of export interest to least developed countries, land-locked and island developing countries on a non-reciprocal basis; g) subregional, regional and interregional groupings of developing countries could participate as such, whenever they consider it desirable, in the negotiations for a GSTP; h) the gradual establishment of a GSTP should be accomplished by a parallel strengthening of subregional, regional and interregional integration groupings, which have a hinghly important role to play in this respect; The studies on the global system of trade preferences, prepared by UNCTAD, should be duly analysed as a first step by each government. After the above stages mentioned, an interregional meeting of government experts of the Group of 77 should be held within the framework of UNCTAD. On the other hand, Korea government belonging to the South should have a positive position on GSTP and so Korea government must go along with the developing countries on the following issues: i) product coverage should include not only manufactures, but also commodities and agricultural products in their raw and processed forms, ii) all the appropriate means of expanding trade should be considered by developing countries, including the use of bilateral arrangements.