사회복지관의 재정: 문제와 함의

The financial problems of community welfare centers and their implications

사회복지관은 우리나라 민간 사회복지 전달체계의 핵심조직이다 사회복지관은 지역사회를 기반으로 하여, 주민들이 당면하고 있는 사회문제를 해결하고, 복지욕구를 충족함으로써 지역사회의 복지수준을 항상시키는 것을 목적으로 한다 또한 사회복지관은 국가의 복지기능의 상당부분을 위임받아 대행하는 역할을 동시에 수행하고 있다 국가는 이러한 사회복지관에 대하여 재정지원과 함께 행정적 지도감독을 실시하고 있다 그러나 사회복지관에 대한 국가의 재정지원 부족과 이로 인해 파생되는 재정구조의 악화는 사회복지관으로 하여금 지역주민들을 대상으로 과도한 수익사업을 전개하도록 하는 부작용을 낳고 있다는 비판을 받기도 한다 복지자원을 다원화함으로써 변화하는 환경에 탄력적으로 대응하고자 하는 사회복지관들의 개별적인 노력에도 불구하고 정부지원의 현실화는 사회복지관 운영에 있어 가장 핵심적인 과제가 되고 있다 이 글에서는 사회복지관의 재정상태와 구조를 분석함으로써 우리나라의 대표적 민간 사회복지 전달조직으로서의 사회복지관이 당면하고 있는 문제를 파악하고자 하였다. 또한 분석의 결과를 토대로 하여 사회복지관 정책과 관련한 논의와 몇 가지 제언을 시도하였다

Since 1980s, Korean government has established community welfare centers to improve the social welfare by playing a role of meeting the increasing welfare needs in communities. The community welfare centers have been operated for meeting the demand for social welfare for the community and providing residents with proper services Related to the operation of the social welfare centers, there are various problems shown Among them, financial problem is the most significant one. This study is to analyze problems related to the financial operation of community social welfare centers and to derive some policy suggestions For this purpose, first of all, the revenue is classified into the government subsidy and their own budget. Second, the social welfare centers expenditures are classified into the wages, program expenditures, and facility and equipment investment. Third, to understand financial problems, the composition structure of the government subsidy and centers' own expense among total revenue, actual proportion of the government subsidy stipulated by the law versus overall budget, percentage of each item within the overall expense and budget limit among overall budget for some items by characteristics are examined The major findings of this study are as follows First, according to the Social Welfare Services Law and the regulation on the government subsidy on social welfare centers, 80% of operation expenses should be supported by the government and 20% should be supported by the own expense of the respective agency. However, in fact, only 43% are supported by the government, and 10% of the overall operation expenses are paid by the agency's own expense, respectively This shows that the social welfare centers are operated with insufficient budget Second, in the orders of the amounts of the budget social welfare centers expenses could be arranged by program expenditures, wages, maintenance expense, facility and equipment investment According to the previous researches on the financial operation of social welfare centers, the wage is the largest expense item. The average of amount government subsidy is like to the program expenditures So, the wages, maintenance expense, facility and equipment expense are paid at the social welfare centers' own expenses. Combining the findings, two suggestions are derived First, regulations on the government subsidy should be reasonably subdivided by their personnel, operation characteristics. Second, on the government subsidy for the expense, the government should provide subsidy for wage and operation expenses separately Also, it is an efficient measure for getting rid of insufficient business fund problems to expand the government subsidy for labor expense among social welfare centers' budget