癸西銘三尊千佛碑像에 대한 再檢討

A Review of 'Kyeyumyung' inscription on Buddhist Stone Monument

Keyyumyung inscription found in Biamsa temple was very important historical document for studying the restoration movement of Baekje Kingdom. The inscription was taken notice of and studied by lots of scholars. Especially, the characteristics of 'king and minister(國王大臣)' among the letter on inscription was actively discussed. In this article, I reviewed and insisted on the inscription as a Buddhist stone monument belonged to the Baekje tradition. First, 'Jinmo', appeared on the inscription, was surely the descendent of Baekje Kingdom, and he had lived in the area of Michanae, near Junwi. It is possible that he .must be supported to the making of the Buddhist stone monument. Second, the year of 'Kyeyu' on the inscription was arranged as the year of 673 AD. At those times the people of Baekje Kingdom were conciliated by the government of Silla Kingdom with preparing warfare to Dang dynasty. A a this reason The people of Bae~e Kingdom would have a chance of pray for their former king and ministers to guide the Buddhist' peaceful and paradise world. Third, this Buddhist stone monument was a triad style in regard to one Buddhist and three bodhisattva. This kind of style was applied to the making Buddhist statue at the time of three kingdom period. However, lotus flower decorations carved upper and lower chair of main statue and behind the head were tradition decoration style of Baekje Kingdom. Lastly, Inwang statue of Kyeyumyung Junshi Amitabul grasped long spear by the left hand, wore armor, and crossed a bead as 'X' formation on the waist. This was a symbol of the army for restoration of Baekje Kingdom rather than guardian god for protect the temple. In summarizing, 'Keyyumyung' inscription was closely related with the restoration movement of Baekje Kingdom regarding content of inscriptions, background of the making Buddhist stone monument, the decoration style of Buddhist statue, and armory statue of Kyeyumyung junsi Amitabul. Given the facts mention above, we might assume that right after the collapse of Baekje Kingdom, the 'Kyeyumyung' inscription was the descendent of Baekje Kingdom for praying their former king and ministers to guide the Buddhist' world. And 'Jinmo' was the descendent of Baekje Kingdom and lived in Michanae province, near Junwi.