강원도의 불교와 전통사찰의 특성

Buddhism and Characteristics of Traditional Temples in Kangwon Province

The purpose of this study is to examine the location and the basic structure of the landscape of traditional temples in Kangwon Province. The temples are located according in harmony with the natural setting like topographical environment. Traditional temples in Kangwon province are mostly located in hilly ares and among the Mountain. The location of Buddhist temples arae classified into three patterns. They are the ground level location type, the foot of mountain location type, the mountain location type. Less a half(47.6%) of buddhist temples in Kangwon province belong to the mountain location type. Based on the arrangement of the four essential building of a Buddhist temple -- the Daeungjon building, two Yosache buildings and a Munlu -- as related to the principles of Buddhism and Sashindo, temples were divided into three different types: the small temple types(So-sachal), the middle temple types(jung-sachal), and the large temple types(Tae-sachal). In Kangwon, the Jung-sachal type is the most popular with 45.2% of total. Buddhist temples in Kangwon Province represent buddhist culture having accumulated from the past and are the cultural complex and mixture of elements consistent with landscape. They also reflect political, social and cultural situations of each time period. The landscape of traditional temple in Kangwon Province are a result of Korean traditional thought and spirit, which was made in the progress of pursuing changes, as well as, regarding tradition as an important factor. Traditional temples in Kangwon province are representative of the modern buddhist movement of purity and the activities of propagandization.