맑스 자본주의이행이론의 전환

The Transformation in Marx's Capitalism Transition Theory

This paper attempts to illuminate the changes of Marx view on the transition from feudalism to capitalism. The early Marx view is based on the technological determinism which stresses the determination of the social forces of production on the production relations, and dependent upon Adam Smith's liberal ideology. On this view which understands capitalism as the result of the Quantitative expansion, capitalism is the 'natural' result of human practices, and emerges when the fetters of feudalism are removed. On the contrary, the late Marx view is based on the 'true' historical materialism, which stresses the determination of the relations of production and class exploitation on the social forces of production and the social laws of motion. This view, though it is not systematically completed, suggests that the transition has to be understood not as the result of the Quantitative expansion but as the Qualitative rupture. To put it another way, the transition, for example the collapse of feudalism and the process of the primitive accumulation, has to be grasped from the viewpoint that the social property relations determine the social productive forces and the social dynamics, and therefore as the transformation of the property relations.