임원승진 후보자의 조직정치와 권력이 승진에 미치는 영향

The Influence of Organixational Politics and Individual's Power on Executive Promotion

본 논문에서는 신규임원 승진후보자들이 능동적으로 시도하는 조직정치와 승진후보자들이 갖고 있는 권력이 승진에 미치는 영향을 밝히고자 하였다. 이를 위해 대기업에 근무하는 임직원 443명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다.연구결과를 샅펴보면 첫째, 승진후보자들이 행하는 조직정치행위는 승진에 직접적인 정(+)의 효과는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 승진후보자들의 권력은 자신들의 임원승진에 정(+)의 효과가 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 셋째, 조직정치는승진에 대해 직접효과는 없지만, 권력을 통한 매개효과가 있는 것으로 드러났다. 넷째, 승진후보자와 직속상사의 소속집단 유형(내집단 또는 외집단)의 조절효과 분석결과 승진후보자 본인의 소속집단 유형은 조절효과가 없고, 승진후보자의 직속상사가 속한 집단유형의 조절효과는 있는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 CEO의 승진평가 기준의 조절효과는 없는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

Deciding whom to promote in an organization not only influences the behavior of the members of the organizations but also determines the success of business in the end. Contrast to the previous studies, by assuming that one's power and organizational politics act as affection variables, the objectives of this study are to: 1) explore the individual's influence on promotion in a company using past studies; 2) investigate how much and through what processes individual's power and organizational politics influence the promotion of new executives; 3) enlighten the understanding of human behaviors through the actual roles and the functions of individual's power and organizational politics. A total of eight independent variables are selected: four from individual's power and the other four from organizational politics. The occurrence of executive promotions is selected as the dependent variables. The study also assumes that the independent variable's effect on promotion is determined by the in-or but out groups of the candidate and the superiors along with the decision of the CEO. For the study, survey data from 443 employees (37 CEOs, 184 executives, 222 senior managers) were analyzed with covariance structure analyses and regression analyses using EQS and SPSS, respectively. Analyses of the covariance structure of the variables of politics, power in relation with promotion showed that politics and power were not in a sequential cause-and effect relationship, but in a reciprocally interaction relationship, where power had a significant effect on promotion even after the iteration effect had been accounted for. The results also showed that organizational politics did not positively influence the promotion, but power did. Politics combined with power showed positive effect on promotion. Superior's in- or out group status was found to have positive moderating effect on the relationship between organizational politics and promotion, which was also moderated independently by individual candidate's power. Organizational politics alone showed no positive effect on promotion. Also whether the individual power of candidate's or his superior's in - or out group status had no positive effect. Overall the results indicated that the individual's power and organizational politics did have influence of promotion, especially showing greater influence when organizational politics combined with individual's power. In addition the superiors had greater influence and promotion than the candidates did however, CEOs had much weaker influences.