시적 기능의 세번째 축, 차유(差喩) 론

A Study of the Third Pole of Poetic Function "Transphor"

The theory of metaphor and metonymy initiated by Roman Jakobsn is widely discussed along with the interests in poetic functions of language in Korea. Metaphor and metonymy are accepted as a universal knowledge in every aspect of culture as well as in literature and linguistics. But it is believed that the theory of two poles of metaphor and metonymy is problematic in the systematic understanding of ordinary lanugage, not to mention in the interpretation of poems, which is due to the limitation of linguistic formalism defining all the discourse as linguistic system and misunderstanding it as objective science. In this study, the author emphasizes the fact that in the concrete discourse such as poetic language and ordinary language, the context of situation rather than the internal property of language controls the selection and combination. And the author suggests that we introduce one more endpoint "transphor" to supplement the dynamic and conctete discourse inperpretation. Transphor can be defined as the third principle of poetic function based on the context of situation between the author and the reader, which triggers the contradictoriness, absurdity, and difference in the expression. This principle is similar to irony in the wider meaning, but it is thought to be one of the principles internalized in language along with metaphor and metonymy. Synecdoche also can be included to make four poles, but this study suggests the three poles of metaphor, metonymy, and "transphor" as the following table: