中國敎育改革的成就與展望

The Achievements and Prospects of the Chinese Education Reforms

The Chinese education got unprecedented development in the 20th century. The Chinese modern education system was introduced from the west with the Chinese gate opened by the warships and powerful canons of imperialism. The modern education has been just implemented for one century in China if it is calculated since the Qing Government published "the School Constitution Made by Emperor" in 1902. Since this century, the great reforms and developments of the Chinese modern education have experienced three historical periods. The first period was the latter stage of Qing Dynasty and the Democracy of China period. Although the modern education system was established, in old China of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, education was the only patents of few people. Shortly before liberation, the school-ager's school attendance rate was fewer than 20%, and the number of illiterates accounted for 80% of total population. The second period was from the foundation of the People's Republic of China in 1949 until 1978. Education made much progress under the leading and care of the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people's government. EspeciaJly thebroad masses of workers and peasants and their children enjoyed the right of education. So the education of China made indelible contribution to the socialist construction of new China. But because of the thought of "respecting knowledge and respecting talents" was not established all the time. As a result, the educational developments suffered from great restrictions. Only until the third period. that is, after the reforms and Opening-up, didn't the Chinese education enter a new stage of a sound development. Under the guidance of Deng Xiaoping. Theory the strategic position of education was established in the construction of socialist modernization. And the Chinese education developed vigorously and made the world-famous achievements. The paper mainly summarizes and expounds the third period of the reforms and developments of Chinese modern education, that is.. the Chinese educational reforms have made achievement since the reforms and opening-up at end of 1978. And it also discusses the reforms and the developing prospects of Chinese education in the future from now on. The paper is divided into three major parts. First, the achievements made of the Chinese educational reforms since the twenty-five years of the reforms and opening-up: second, question existing in the Chinese educational reforms and developments: third.. the Chinese educational reform and the developing prospect.