국어의 울타리 표현 1 - 은유와의 관계를 중심으로 -

A Study on the Expressions of Hedges in Korean

This paper aims at investigate the expressions of hedges in Korean and examine how the expressions of hedges substitutes for many hypothetical theories of metaphor. The concept of the expressions of hedges is based on G. Lakoff (1972). In this paper (Kim, 2004) the expressions of hedges are classified into two categories; one is a group which has possibilities to change the truth-value of utterances or sentences such as honestly speaking, strictly speaking, typically, practically, theoretically, actually, and so on, the other is a group which is neutral for the truth-value such as a kind of, speaking easily, speaking in detailed, more or less and so on. The expressions of hedges avoid making conclusion like a ‘A=B’ form. ‘A=B’ is a form of assertion and a form of metaphor. The expressions of hedges move readers' point of view. So the criteria of our judgement for the utterances or sentences with the expressions of hedges might be changed. Even though the utterances and sentences were judged as true or false, the truth-values of them might be less-true or less-false. The expressions of hedges have fuzzy features. These fuzzy features plays a role as a factor that lets the focus of utterances and sentences move from TD to SD or from SD to TD. When metaphors are produced, the focus of readers' cognitive aspects moves from SD to TD but the metaphors that interpret the focus move from SD to TD. Therefore, expressions of hedges are in the process which metaphors produce and interpret. However, metaphors have no expressions of hedges in a literal form for the expressions of hedges are based on the cognitive process of mental reigns. In this paper (Kim, 2004) this thought is called “The Hypothetical Theory of The Expressions of Hedges in Metaphor”