신앙성숙척도의 타당도 검증: 한국과 미국 대학생을 중심으로

Validity analyses on religious maturity scales: A comparison between Korean and American college students

본 연구는 신앙성숙척도(FMS)와 영적성숙척도(SMI)를 미국과 한국 대학생들에게 실시하여 두 척도의 타당도를 검증하고, 두 문화권의 신앙성숙의 개념을 비교하는 것을 목적으로 한다. FMS 38개 문항과 SMI 30개 문항을 미국 기독교대학연합에 소속된 기독교 대학 학생 1,024명에게 실시하였다. 두 척도를 번역하여 예비검사를 실시한 후 한국 기독교대학의 재학생 228명에게 실시하여 자료를 수집하였다. 기술통계량을 산출하고, 이를 근거로 요인분석 및 다분문항반응이론에 의한 문항변별도와 문항범주난이도를 산출하였다. 요인분석 결과 FMS는 두 문화권 모두에서 두 개의 하위요인이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. SMI는 한국에서는 두 개의 하위요인이 미국에서는 단일 요인이 확인되었으며, 두 문화권에서 인식하는 신앙성숙의 개념에는 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 문항분석결과 한국은 추정된 문항 모수치가 양호하였으나, 미국의 분석결과는 일부 문항을 수정할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 두 신앙성숙척도의 신뢰도 계수로서 Cronbach α도 높은 편이었으며, 수렴 및 변별타당도의 근거도 확인되었다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze validities of two religious maturity scale, Faith Maturity Scale(FMS) and Spiritual Maturity Index(SMI) and to compare religious maturity concept between Korea and American college students. The FMS consists of 38 items, responding 7 points Likert scale and the SMI consists of 30 items with 6 points Likert scale. Data were collected form 1,024 American students belonging to Council for Christian Colleges Association. These two religious maturity scales are translated by Korean and pilot study was performed. Data were collected by 228 Christian college students in Korea located in vicinity of Seoul, Choongnam, and Kyungnam. Descriptive statistics such as means and standard deviations were obtained and items are eliminated based on them. 12 and 16 items of FMS were eliminated in Korean and US data, respectively. 4 and 19 items of the SMI were eliminated in Korean and US data, respectively. Factor analyses were conducted. As a results, two factor solutions were obtained in two countries, vertical and horizontal from FMS. SMI had two factor solutions in Korean, named maturity valued and maturity internalized, but one factor solution in US. Item discrimination and item category difficulty indices were obtained. In Korean, item discrimination and item category difficulty indices were good enough, however, revisions were needed in a few items in US. Cronbach α coefficients as reliability measure were high enough in both countries, but due to the number of items α coefficients in Korean was higher than in US. Evidence of convergent and discriminabt validities were also obtained. In comparing religious maturity, Korean students tend to think it as characteristics or status of maturity in their mind. However, Americans think it to try to find or to invest their time and energy in a more vital way.