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The Sino-Korean Prefixals to Change the Category of Bases

This paper aims to find out the properties of Sino-Korean prefixals to change the grammatical subclass of bases. These prefixals are classified broadly in two categories. The first one is the prefixals whose function is to change the pattern of the combination with 'Hada'. The second one is the prefixals whose function is to restrict the distribution of bases. The prefixals having negative meanings and modifying functions such as 'dai(大), myeng(名)' belong to the former. The prefixals requiring semantic arguments such as 'ju(駐), chin(親), pi(被)' belong to the latter. The negative prefixals 'mu(無), bul(不), mol(沒)' combine with nonpredicative nouns to change the grammatical subclass of their bases into adjectival nouns. Therefore these prefixals can change the pattern of combination with 'Hada' from [-hada] to [+hada]. And modifying prefixals 'dai(大), myeng(名)' change the pattern of combination with 'Hada' from [+hada] to [-hada]. The prefixals to restrict the distribution of their bases take two arguments. They take the base as an internal argument and take the modified noun as an external argument. They combine with free nouns to change the grammatical status of them into somewhat defective free forms having restrictions in combining with particles. The class 'ju(駐), jai(在)' can't be used as a base of word-formation. But the class 'chin(親), ban(反)' actively participates in word-formation and the base is isolatable.