初期 天台祖統說의 성립 연구

Indirect Transmitting of T'ien-t'ai Order in Sui(隋) Dynasty

Kuan-ting(灌頂, 561-632), a pupil of Chih-i(智의) who found the Ti'en-t'ai Order(天台宗), showed his duty for connecting from Sutra to Chih-i as doctrine and realization. First of all, Kuan-ting(灌頂) adopted the (付法藏因緣傳), The document of Buddha's realization had been transmited to 23th Master bhiku Shi-zi(獅子比丘). Kuan-ting(灌頂) originated indirect transmitting between master and pupil(遠師相承), because direct transmitting(金口相承, 師資相承) ended in 23th Master in ancient India. Although direct transmitting just need a master and his pupil, but indirect transmitting need not relation in a master and his pupil at that time. Therefore indirect transmitting is able to transmit a doctrinal or realization. In indirect transmitting, Kuan-ting(灌頂)'s intention appear in many texts that edited his master's teachings, Ma-ha samatha-vipasyana(摩訶止觀), Ti'en-t'ai Master's Life(天台智者大師別傳) etc. Examples are Chih-i's realization two times, listening The Lotus Sutra(法華經) with Huei-ssu(慧思, 515-577) who Chihi's master. Shim-yun(湛然, 711-782), 6th master of T'ien-t'ai in Tang dynasty in China, accept the indirect transmitting positively. At that time, the Chan-order(禪宗), adopted direct transmitting and the Huayen-order(華嚴宗) were so prosperous. After all, the T'ien-t'ai order's transmitting began indirect from Buddha to Chih-i beyond the time and space boundary. It is indirect transmitting go between a training samadhi and a sacred texts.