佛敎思想과 사회운영원리의 상관성에 대한 試論 - 高麗前期 華嚴思想의 전개를 중심으로 -

On the Relativity of Buddhist Doctrines to the Principles of the Social Adminstration - Focusing on the Huayan Thoughts of Koryo Period -

Gyunyeo and Uicheon are the most representative huayan scholars during the Koryo dynasty. But their huayan theories have been studied as the political ideologies rather than as the buddhist philosophies. According to the studies on his thought, the huayan thought of Gyunyeo was regarded as a political ideology which advocates the autocracy and the centralization of powers to the king. Uicheon's huayan thought has been understood as the ideology which backed up the strong kingship by helping the suppression of the powerful noble families. These understandings are based on the general assumption that huayan thought justifies the centralization and autocracy. But this assumption which appeared in the early 20th centuries by the advocators of the Japanese militarism was not based on concrete evidences but on the intentional misunderstanding on the huayan thought. Though both of the scholars belonged to the same huayan school their understanding and systematization of huayan thought were much different. Gyunyeo tried to develop the huayan theory of mutual dependency of all the beings and established the theory of the absoluteness of the Special teaching of One Vehicle, which emphasizes the absoluteness and perfectness of the huayan thought agains the other buddhist doctrines which are imperfect and provisional. On the contrary Uicheon tried to show the nondiscrimination of all the buddhist doctrines and emphasized the enlightenment of the mind through the meditation practice. The huayan thoughts of Gyunyeo and Uicheon repectively reflect the structure of the social systems, especially the local ruling order, of the early period and middle period of Koryo dynasty. In the early Koryo period the capital and the other local societies were administrated by different principles, while in the middle period of Koryo dynasty the government tried to apply the same principle to both the capital and the other local societies. Though they had little interest in the change of the principle of the local administration system their thought reflected it by itself.