연어 구성에 나타난 남녀 은유의 양상

Aspect of 'Woman/Man' Metaphors in the Korean Collocation

본 논문은 한국어에서 '여자'와 '남자'가 어떤 개념으로 이해되고 있는가를 밝히는 것을 목적으로 한다. 일상 표현 속에 담긴 은유를 파악함으로써 그 개념을 이해하는 방식을 알 수 있다는 관점을 수용하여, '여자'와 '남자'라는 단어가 어떤 동사와 결합하여 연어(collocation)를 구성하는지를 살펴보고 그 표현들을 대상으로 은유 방식을 찾아봄으로써 인식의 양상을 밝혀보고자 하였다. 한국어 용례 검색을 통하여 '(여자/남자)를 X하다' 연어 구성을 하는 자료를 수집하고 여기서 나타나는 남자와 여자에 대한 은유의 양상을 비교해 본 결과, [(여자/남자)는 물건] 은유, [(여자/남자)는 음식] 은유, [(여자/남자)는 동물] 은유, [(여자/남자)는 정복 대상] 은유, [(여자/남자)는 물질] 은유 등이 공통으로 나타났으며, 개념 이해 면에서는 남녀 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 은유의 유형과 빈도 면에서 남녀 차이를 보였다.

The objective of this paper is to elucidate an understanding of the concept of 'woman' and 'man' in the Korean language. Accepting the assumption that most ordinary conceptual systems find their essence in metaphors, this paper will investigate which words are collocated with the word 'woman' and 'man.' By uncovering metaphoric forms using such expressions, the contemporary perceptions of women and man can be illuminated. Doing a search using Corpus, instances of usage of the linguistic formulation of 'woman/man' as the direct object in a sentence were compiled, and metaphors were identified and classified. In comparing how metaphors relating to women were applied to men, similarities and differences were recorded. The similarity found in the most common metaphors was [(woman/man) is an object] that women and men are often perceived as objects. The next most prominent similarities were that: [(women/men) are animals], [(women/men) are food], [(women/men) are conquered objects], [(women/men) are a material substance]. These results show that the most common metaphors used regarding humans are those of objects, food, and animals. There are also no differences in the understanding of the concept of 'woman' and 'man'. However, they show some differences in frequency and types of metaphors using men and women as objects.