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Early Slave Narratives and the Legacy of Olaudah Equiano

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Tracing extensively the critical issues and major characteristics of early slave narratives, this paper focuses on one of the earliest slave narratives, Anglo-African Olaudah Equiano's The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African, Written by Himself (1789). I explore the intertextual relations between Equiano's Interesting Narrative and the two representative nineteenth-century Afro-American slave narratives, Frederick Douglass's Narrative (1845) and Harriet Jacobs's Narrative (1861). While engaging critically with matters of self-representation, christianity, acculturation, diasporic identity, African literary tradition, and rhetorical strategies in the slave narratives, the second half of this paper demonstrates how a slave was born and how a slave became a man in the history of the eighteenth-century European civilization, focusing mainly on Equiano's Interesting Narrative. It further discusses how Equiano's Interesting Narrative is “signifying” in the writings of the Afro-American writers next century. With emphasis on the significance of Equiano's slave narrative, this paper recognizes Equiano's literary legacy in the history of Afro-American literature as well as diasporic literature.

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