조선말기 농작물 관련 마을명의 분포와 특성

The Distribution of Village Names Related to Agricultural Products during the Final Period of Chosun and Their Characteristics

  이 연구는 각종 농작물을 의미하는 지명어가 포함된 마을명을 추출하여 그 빈도 및 분포를 살펴보고, 이를 통해 농작물 관련 마을이름의 특성과 함께 농작물 재배와의 관련성 등을 고찰하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 20세기초의 자료에 실려 있는 전국 76,475개의 마을명이며, 곡물류, 과일류, 특용작물류, 채소류 등 27종의 농작물 관련 지명어의 빈도 및 분포를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 빈도에서는 과일류 관련 지명어가 마을명에 가장 많이 사용되었으며, 종별로는 ‘栗(밤)’ㆍ‘梅(매실)’ㆍ‘梨(배)’ㆍ‘麻(삼)’ 등의 순이었다. 한편 ‘米(쌀)’ㆍ‘栗(조)’ㆍ‘梨’ㆍ‘？(감)’ㆍ‘麻’ 등의 지명어가 들어간 마을명의 분포는 작물의 재배범위와 상관성이 높은데 비해, ‘豆(콩/팥)’ㆍ‘稷(피/기장)’ㆍ‘梅’ㆍ‘桃(복숭아)’ㆍ‘桑(뽕나무)’ 등의 지명어가 포함된 마을명의 분포는 상대적으로 작물 재배와 상관성이 낮았다. 특히 ‘梅’ㆍ‘桃’ 등은 농작물이 지닌 여러 가지 상징적인 의미로 인해 마을명에 사용된 사례가 많았다.

  This study identifies those villages whose names contain elements related to agricultural products, and analyzes the frequency and distribution of such names. Based on these results, the researcher focused on analyzing the relationship between the characteristics of village names related to agricultural products and the production of such agricultural crops. The names of 76,475 village nationwide that were included in data compiled at the beginning of the 20th century served as the subjects for this study. The researcher analyzed the frequency and distribution of village names related to 27 agricultural products classified as either grains, fruits, special purpose crops, and vegetables. In terms of frequency, the study found that fruit-related names were most often employed in village names, with chestnut, Japanese apricot, pear, and hemp being the most popular. Meanwhile, the village whose names contained the words for rice, chestnut, pear, persimmon, and hemp demonstrated a high degree of correlation with the crops which were actually under cultivation in these villages. However, a low degree of correlation with the main crops actually under cultivation was observed in the case of villages whose names contained the word for beans, millet, Japanese apricots, peach, and mulberry. In particular, the study revealed many instances in which the word for Japanese apricot or peach was employed in village names a development which can be attributed to the various symbols associated with these particular agricultural products.