圓測法師의 入唐行蹟(1) - 전기중심으로

The studying and achievements in Tang dynasty of Woncheuk(圓測), the silla monk

  This paper has examined the achievements of Woncheuk(圓測) by looking at the literature addressing his life storie s. Born in 612 A.D. (Year 34, King Jinpyung眞平王, Silla D ynasty新羅 in Korea), Woncheuk entered a monastery at th e age of 15 when he received a permission from King Tae jong(太宗) of the Tang Dynasty(唐) in China and learned en ormously from great masters versed in 攝論宗(the Chiness sect that studied the theory of Mah？y？nasamgraha). By the time Hyunjang(玄？,Hs？an-tsang) returned from India, Wonc heuk had already mastered 地論(the theory of Yog？c？rabh？ mi) and 攝論(the theory of Mah？y？nasamgraha), and had de monstrated expertise in Abhidharma sect. Woncheuk first a ctively spread Buddhism with Hyunjang, but he later found himself ideologically in opposition to Hyunjang"s first and f oremost pupil, Guigi(窺基,Kuei-chi) belonging to Jaeun-scho ol(慈恩派). Surprisingly, the conflict Woncheuk had with Gui gi was not found in his best biography "大周西明寺故大德圓 測法師佛舍利塔銘幷序", but in "Woncheuk-history(圓測傳)" and "Guigi-history(窺基傳)" of "宋高僧傳". Woncheuk was reported to have sneaked into lectures conducted by Hyunjang in a lecture place of New-Vij？aptim？tra(新唯識) and have lectured his commentaries to monks who gathered together to the sound of the bell of Seomyung-Temple(西明寺). "盜講說" of "宋高僧傳"; the theory that Woncheuk overheard Hyunjang" s lecture to Guigi, thus, lends support to the position of Ja eun-school(慈恩派) because the bell of Seomyung-Temple was only made in 665 after Hyunjang died. Furthermore, Woncheuk"s sneaky attendances at lectures on Yog？c？rabh？ mi(瑜伽師地論) in 649 A.D. does not make sense either bec ause it was only one year after 瑜伽師地論 had been transl ated. We can even conjecture that Guigi"s jealousy of the a chievements of Woncheuk in 瑜伽師地論 is found in the foll owing episodes; (as also found in "宋高僧傳",) "成唯識論" tran slated solely by Guigi: Woncheuk"s sneaky attendance at le ctures on 瑜伽師地論 by bribing gatekeepers: Guigi"s indign ation at the news that Woncheuk lectured on "The commen taries of Yog？c？rabuh？mi"(瑜伽論疏) to monks gathered at S eomyung-Temple: Hyunjang"s lectures on Buddist Logic(佛 敎因明論) of Dign？ga solely to Guigi in an attempt to allevi ate Guigi"s anger: Woncheuk"s sneaky attendance at Hyunja ng"s lectures on vi？aptim？tra.   On the basis of the observations discussed in this study, it can be concluded that the conflict between Woncheuk"s and Guigi surely warrants further scholarly attention and in vestigation.