문화의 영향과 도덕적 책임의 문제 - Adams와 Calhoun의 도덕적 무지 개념에 대한 윤리문화적 검토

The Cultural Effect on Individual Moral Responsibility ― Centered on the Concept of Moral Ignorance of Adams and Calhoun ―

  Human actions are generally said to be affected by the culture of their societies. If so, are all our moral acts able to be justified with our own cultural value standard? Here arises the question of cultural effect and moral responsibility. According to M. Moody Adams and C. Calhoun our actions are not free from our social, historical environments, that is, our cultural constraints. Especially they have interests in the moral meaning of ‘affected ignorance’ and examine in it concretely. Their conclusions are our moral affected ignorances should be allowed in an exceptional case only. Because this could give an indulgence to some morally wrong doings by anyone. I principally agree with their views on moral ignorance, but have different opinions about several questions. My individual position of moral affected ignorance is described in the following contents of my essay.   Ⅰ. Introduction; Are Affected Moral Act and its Responsibility by Culture?   Ⅱ. Adams; Affected Ignorance and Moral Responsibility of Ordinary Wrongs   (1)In the Case of Athene   (2)In the Case of Nazi   Ⅲ. Calhoun; Moral Ignorance and Responsibility in Normal Contexts and Abnormal Contexts   (1)In the Case of Normal Moral Contexts   (2)In the Case of Abnormal Moral Contexts   Ⅳ.Conclusion; Is Our Moral Responsibility Unlimited?