‘담화 성분’을 활용한 듣기 능력 신장 방안

Developing listening ability using discourse components

  Listening is a ‘guessing’ process. Guessing is necessary due to the brain’s limited ability to concentrate and to accept information. Guessing means that you can understand the whole by listening to just some part of the whole. How is this possible? The reason one can understand the whole with only some part of it is due to experience. This study focuses on ‘language experience’ and concentrates on the guessing of the whole sentence. The purpose of this study is to increase the language experience for listening. Language experience refers to retained language, heard or used, which a speaker utters to a listener. By storing many kinds of language experiences in the reference storage of the brain, listening can be improved with the assistance of guessing. What do we have to store in the reference storage? Of course, it must be the daily expressions. This study uses the discourse components in usual discourse, R (routine), Rn (half-routine, pattern), NR (non-routine). The results of this study using discourse components shows the listening hierarchy of R, Rn, and NR. First of all, the easiest is necessarily R. A lot of learners listen to R easily. Secondly, Rn is divided into two kinds of sentences, routine-sentences and pattern-sentences. If the routine-sentence is strengthened with an understanding of the sentence meaning it can become the complete R, and the pattern-sentence can become R with the intensification of grammar. Thirdly, NR can at the beginning become Rn and then R by repeatedly reading aloud.