차량과 보행자 동시신호최적화모형 개발 연구

A Signal Optimization Model Integrating Traffic Movements and Pedestrian Crossings

&nbsp;&nbsp;Most traffic signal optimization models assume that green intervals to pedestrian crossings are given as exogenous inputs such as minimum green intervals to straight movements. Based upon the models, traffic engineers usually start with grouping the intervals into traffic streams, irrespective of the traffic and geometric conditions, and then the signal settings are determined. As the result, in reality, the green interval of the straight movement may not distribute adequately by the volume/saturation-flow of each movement. Moreover the conventional approach is to design the green intervals to pedestrian crossings on a trial and error basis. However, for complicated intersections, it is difficult to come up with an optimal set of green intervals to pedestrian crossings for traffic design.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;In this paper, therefore, we proposed a signal optimization model to integrate pedestrian crossings to traffic movements. In this model, both traffic and pedestrian movements are simultaneously optimized both to minimize queues and to maximize green intervals to pedestrian crossings. These problems are formulated as Binary Mixed Integer Linear Programs, which are solvable by any standard branch-and-bound routine. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. The examples are classified into some cases by minimum green intervals to pedestrian crossings and numbers of pedestrian crossings located at an arm. Optimization results illustrated that delays using proposed model were less than those using conventional method, and vice versa in green splits for pedestrian crossings.