高等學校 敎育의 當面課題와 改善方案에 關한 硏究

A Study on the Problems and Ways of Improving Senior High School Education in Korea

  School exists for the purpose of carrying out instructional tasks. The main players in the drama are the students. Teachers are supporting cast and professional technicians in directing the activities, determining the resources to be used, and the sequence of the events. in learning-teaching process.   The Ministry of Education decided to abolish the entrance examiniation for middle schools in 1968. At the same time, the MOE announced the plan entitled, "The Lottery and School Precinct System with No Examination for Middle School Admission."   Following the abolition of entrance examination to the middle schools, a new high school entrance examination system was developed in 1973, and put into effect in 20 large cities-Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Gwangju, Incheon, Taejon, Jonju, Soowon, Choonchun, Chungjoo, Masan, JeJu, Sungnam, WonJu, Cheonan, Koonsan, Irie, Mokpo, Ahndong, and Jeenju.   The new system was designed to preliminarily screen the high school applicants; from the succesful examinees at the preliminary examination, the vocational high school applicants are screened by individual schools, whereas, all general high school applicants are assigned to the schools within the district of residence through lottery.   Application for vocational high schools and screening of the applicants will be made prior to those of academic high schools. Those who fail to be admitted to vocational high schools are given a second chance to apply for academic high schools, but the successful applicants are not allowed to do so.   Problems of the present high school education:   The following problems were identified as setting limits to the high school education in Korea.   1) Learning deficit problems   2) Unadaptability problems to the school life   3) Financial dificulties of private high schools   Future direction of the high school system:   Middle school should provide for a career guidance program which includes identification of individual aptitudes and timely exposure to a preparation course corresponding to the identified aptitude. In high school, the program needs to be diversified with the variation of the required years of schooling.   An institutional arrangement should be made to ensure each student entrance to the schools corresponding to their needs. This calls for clustering various high schools in such a way that ensures a balanced representation of schools within a school zone. Also, "learning deficit problems", "unadaptability problems," and "financial problems of the private schools" should be improved for the high quality of the high school education in Korea.