現代社會에 있어서 家庭의 敎育的 機能

Educational Function of Home in Modern Society

  This article reviews the effect and specificity of home education, the comparison with some nations, the trend of present seciety, and the course of it.   The home education during early childhood is the most effective and the human relationship among family influences, more than the socioeconomic status of parents or the formal environment.   Its advantages are as follows:   1. It is the most powerful environmental factor of types of education.   2. It offers stimulation not only to formation of personality but also to cognitive development.   3. Its outcomecan be obtained only by the collective efforts of parents.   4. Home environment can be established by interaction of situational, stractural, and psychological surroundings.   5. It displays a big potentiality in valuation education.   Consequently, it plays a positive role in the formation of basic human prototype. Also, nonmaterial culture such as the valuation, the structure of consciousness, and the mode of behavior is the property of a nation handed down and cannot be changed in a day. The mode of rearing and the range of culture affect the formation of one"s personality and racial traits.   In comparison with home education of some nations,   ？ Jews infuse the awareness of a family and nation into the heart of children, and put the dignity of a previleged nation. They make efforts for the realization of ego by stimulating creative talent.   ？ Americans emphasize the spirit of independence by "doing-it-yourself" and respect the minds of children. Therefore, the education is enough to stimulate the motivation of achievement because of freedom of expression and behavior.   ？ The education of Koreans is the moral education stressing roles in the vertical human relationship. It concentrates to form emotionally stable character, as the rearing mode during early childhood is generous.   Even though the change of modern society has brought lots of changes in home life, things founded on affection, guidance of family members, and cultural tradition are constant factors in a home. Therefore, the internal consistency which harmonizes merits of traditional home education with new one is required and it is emphasired that home and parents are primarily responsible for more important education.