영국 교육 제도의 관점에서 본 영국인의 정체성

A Study on British Educational System

&nbsp;&nbsp;This study focuses on the Brit0ish education system as a means to achieve an understanding about the identity of the British people.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;There are three preconditions to understand English educational system.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;First, there must be an accurate understanding of the composition of Great Britain. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland which is the formal name of the nation refers to the fact that this country is made up of individual countries that are England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Therefore, it must be understood that each country has a distinct educational system, and each educational system must be explained as distinctively as possible here.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Second, the British education system is in the process of continuous change and innovation along with its long history. Therefore, the education system that were in place before the 1988 Education Reform Acts and the changes that took place after the 1988 Education Reform Act must be examined.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Third, the educational policies in Great Britain is conducted as a national service to the people. The aim of the British education system is to develop each student’s ability to the maximum for the benefit of the society as a whole.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;The aim of the National Curriculum that was introduced with the 1988 Education Reform Acts is to promote the each student&quot;s spiritual, moral, cultural, psychological and physical development. The basic objective was to guarantee that all students receive a broad-based, balanced education which would be relevant to their needs and provide a clear, moral framework in preparation for adult responsibilities and work.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;The background of the recent educational reform follows the recognition that the economic stagnation of the British economy may have partly been due to the ineffective education system and that qualitative improvement of education is needed to regain the nation&quot;s competitive power<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;The improvement of the quality of education is possible by introducing the basic principle of free market economy to education that promotes competition among students and education institutions. It was felt that there needed to be a reorganization of the education system based on market principles with a role for national regulation of minimum standards.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;The purposes of the Act were to strengthen a hierarchical system of schooling, particularly at the secondary level, as well as introducing market forces and greater control by central government with the intentions of bringing choice, diversity and improved standards.