진로교육에 활용되는 자기보고식 심리검사의 faking-good 탐지기능 분석

Detection of Faking-good Response in the Psychology Assessment Inventory by self reporting method

  진로교육 과정에서 폭넓게 활용되는 자기보고식 심리검사는 실시과정에서 피검사자의 반응왜곡이 발생할 가능성이 높다. 반응왜곡은 다양한 양상으로 나타나는데, 이 중에서도 피검사자가 사회적으로 바람직한 방향으로 자신을 왜곡하는 양상은 검사 결과에 대한 신뢰도를 저하시킬 우려가 있기 때문에 각별히 주의하여야 한다. 이러한 faking-good 탐지의 목적으로 자기보고식 심리검사에서는 사회적 바람직성 척도를 포함하여 활용하고 있다. 이에 사회적 바람직성 척도가 반응왜곡을 적절하게 탐지하고 있는지를 확인하고, 만일 반응왜곡을 제대로 탐지하고 있지 못하다면 지표로서의 부적절함을 나타내는 것이므로 faking-good을 적절하게 측정할 수 있는 탐지지표를 새로 구성하여 그 타당성을 검토할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 자기보고식 심리검사가 진로교육 과정에서 효율적으로 활용될 수 있도록 개인의 성격적 특성을 더욱 정교하게 이해할 수 있는 틀을 제공하고 결과해석에 대한 함의를 제공하고자 하였다.

  There is a possibility for distorted response set in self-reporting psychology tests used for vocational counseling. Distortion to fit the social desirability is especially of concern when the test result is used for employment selection or assessment. In order to make up for such a problem, many psychological vocational assessment inventory tests use detection indices. Basically, the detection indices is believed to serve the purpose of finding out whether the test taker distorted response or not. However, such supposition does not have the objective verification. Therefore, this research conducts an analysis with the following objectives. The first objective of this research is to find out whether the existing detection scale adequately perform its duties. Second, in case the existing detection scale does not adequately perform its duty, this study sets out to construct detection indices to find out positive impression distortion by analyzing the item contents. Finally, this study will verify the validity of the new indices in both laboratory situation and real situation. The results of the study showed that social desirability scale showed that it had some validity but not in sufficient manner. Thus, the study provides index for positive impression response. As for positive impression management index, I have conducted stepwise Discriminate Analysis on personality traits that are involved in positive impression to come up with impression management index. Some of the trait factors that contributes to positive impression are social desirability, self-consciousness, modesty, and self-control. The results to response distortion evaluation show that the new indices have better detection ability than the existing ones. Also, the new indices proved to be more useful in real situations as well. This study attempts at providing a structure that allows for deeper understanding of individual differences so that self-reporting psychological tests may be used in career counseling to its fullest extent.