선수의 스포츠경험이 자아동일성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

The Influences of Athletes" Sports Experiences on Self-Identity

  This paper aims at revealing the feature of sport experience in relation to the process of athletes" ego identity formation viewed from Erikson"s mutuality concept. The phases of mutuality was operationally defined as crisis, exploration and commitment. 164 male college athletes in the physical education department who have been involved in competitive sports since pre-adolescence volunteers as subjects, Two questionnaires were given to these subjects. One of them was a scale of the ego identity formation; crisis, exploration and commitment. Then, the level of three states were evaluated by the degree of subjects; interaction with thirteen areas in their life space; six sporting, six daily life and one area in common. The construction of this scale was based on the idea of Marcia"s identity status approach and the operational definition of "mutuality". The following are the conclusions of this study. In general, athletes were strongly involved in the sports-related areas, especially revealing high levels in the three aspects about athletic achievements. Exploration and commitment were lower than crisis in such areas as teammates, continuity of sports career, leaders, and sex. Exploration was lower in such areas as jobs and ways of life plus senses of values. In self-identity formation processes, exploration and commitment were supporting the sense of self-identity. In addition, athletes showed similar tendencies like other youths in the areas of self-identity achievement motivation. Sports achievements, continuity of sports career, and leaders were related, but these areas were not large enough to contribute to the sense of self-identity. That is, they were difficult to proceed in Erikson" s concept of reciprocity.