청원 두루봉동굴 출토 동물상의 검토

Faunal Analysis of the Durubong Cave Complex in Korea

&nbsp;&nbsp;충북 청원군 문의면 노현리에 자리한 두루봉 동굴은 현재는 파괴되고 없지만 우리나라 구석기시대 동굴유적 연구에 많은 공헌을 하였다.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;지금까지 최소한 6개의 작은 굴들이 확인되었으며 이곳에서 출토된 유물은 석기, 짐승화석, 뼈연모, 사람화석, 예술품 등으로 매우 다양하다.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;특히 가장 많이 출토된 동물화석의 분류를 통해 유적이 형성되었을 당시의 기후환경 조건을 복원하여 볼 수 있다.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;두루봉의 주된 동굴인 제 2굴에서 출토된 모든 젖먹이 짐승의 생태적응요소를 종별 분포, 크기별 분포, 먹이습성별 분포, 이동성별 분포로 구분하여 환경적 특징을 살펴본 결과 이 두루봉 유적 인근의 자연환경은 숲이 울창한 가운데 풀이 무성하며 열매 맺는 식물도 제법 존재한 따뜻하였던 기후 조건이었을 것으로 밝혀지고 있다.

&nbsp;&nbsp;Durubong cave site is located at Nohyun-ri, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheong-bukdo Province, in Korea(E 137°32′25″, N 36°30′31″). In this area, limestone mines exploited the calcites from 1960s and many parts of the mountain were already destroyed. In 1976, at first, this cave was informed to archeological site and more 10 succesive excavations were carried by the chungbuk national museum excavation team.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Durubong Cave site are composed of 6 small caves : no 2, no 9, no 15, Sae-gul, Cheonyo-gul and Heungsu-gul. And this Durubong cave complex is the only site which reveals us all archeological remains : Stone tools, Animal Fossils, Bone tools, Paleolithic art and Human skeletons. The most abundant materials are the animal bones. after the determination, we could notice over than 40 mammal species.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;These species are reexamined for the reconstitution of the paleoclimate and paleoenvironment of the Durubong Area. Recently the biotope diagram are utilized. The diagram of the ecological biotope in each animal species of the Durubong cave no 2 was observed. This diagram is divided into 4 different types : taxonomic distribution, masse distribution, alimentary distribution and locomotive distribution, And the curve of these diagrams will give us the characteristic of this area.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;After this examine, we could say that the paleoenvironment of this Durubong cave area, when the prehistoric men lived, was some temperate and warm and not to tropical climate with the scarce of the water. This information will be completed if we get a result of the absolute method of datation.