조론(肇論)에서의 반야(般若)와 공(空)개념성격 고찰

The Analysis of the Concepts of Prajñā and Śūnya in Zhao-lun

&nbsp;&nbsp;This paper aims at disclosing the influence of Neo-Taoist idea on Zhao-lun. In oredr to get the philosophical characteristics of Zhao-lun, this paper introduces the differences between the classical Taoism and Neo-Taoism. The most important difference between them is that Neo-Taoism shows a simple reductionism and a Chinese mode of metaphysical thinking, which are similar to western ones. This differences is important to analyze some delicate statements having two fold aspects formed to be influenced by both classical and Neo-Taoist idea.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;In analyzing the above treatise, it must be firstly notified that the Chinese people in Wei-Chin period could not acknowledge clearly the similar and the different aspects of Buddhism and Taoism. It resulted in a serious misunderstanding among Chinese Buddhists regarding the original Indian Buddhist concepts, praj？？ or ？？nya, etc. Zhao-lun was also written in this period and could not be an exceptional one to overcome completely the limitation of the spirit of the times. Secondly, it needs to clarify the original meaning of ？？nya and how Chinese Buddhist scholars transformed its meaning according to the Taoist or Neo-Taoist way of thinking. In this period, the concept of ？？nya was understood as an fundamental nothingness which frequently mentioned in Wang-pi"s work. This way of understanding has maintained in the history of Chinese Buddhism.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;However, this paper suggests that the concept of ？？nya should be understood in the context of the history of Indian philosophy. In spite of that the concept of ？？nya cannot be an ontological one, it has been interpreted ontologically or metaphysically not only by Chinese Buddhist monks but also by modern western philosophers. This paper points out that ？？nya is a synonym of an？tma and should be understood in the light of the theory of "dependent arising"(緣起). By comparing the original meaning of ？？nya and praj？？ as the above with those seen in Zhao-lun, it discloses that Seng-zhao understood those concepts ontologically under the influence of Neo-Taoism.