경찰 초동수사 목적의 유전자감식정보 검사 및 관리

Profiling and Administration of Forensic DNA Data for Personal Identification on Purpose of Primary Criminal Investigating

&nbsp;&nbsp;In forensics, the criminal genetic studies have become a usual tool, due to the possibility of very small biological stains identification. DNA evidence has taken a central role by carrying a significant weight for convictions, as well as by excluding innocent suspects early on in a criminal investigation. The DNA amplification by the polymerase chain reaction(PCR) technique supported very strongly the development of forensic genetics, specially the criminalistics.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Forensic DNA databases on purpose of primary criminal investigation have been created in several countries: the United Kingdom was the first European country to have, in 1995, a DNA database. Subsequently, the U.S.A.(1998) and many others have introduced or are preparing databases. Different national legal systems have conditioned the DNA databases and so there is a great heterogeneity between countries. The criteria for an entry of a DNA profile, the criteria for a removal, the criteria for a search, etc., can lead to very distinct databases.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;The DNA profiling systems are standardized based on generally accepted recommendations from scientific bodies such as the National Research Council (NRC) of the Academy of Sciences of the United States, and the International Society for Forensic Genetics (ISFG). The STR technology, currently used to form the databases, has no apparent value in giving genetic information other than for individuality. However, it is not only the results of the DNA analysis which are retained. The samples, which are provided for the analyses, can also be stored in case there is a need for re-analysis in a particular case or because there is a change in the technology whereby all accumulated samples can be re-examined. The storage of forensic database is an important question too and it is possible to choose between the storage of only the DNA profiles or also the biological samples.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Presently, we will be legislate for the law for DNA identification. The aim of this research is to provide objective data that may serve to aid the drawing up of future database regulations according to the true situation of the forensic sciences in Korea.