4월혁명시의 매체적 기반과 성격 연구

Media Basis and Characteristics of Poems on April Revolution

&nbsp;&nbsp;The Democratic Uprising in April 1960 was the most significant social revolution since the independence of Korea from the Japanese colonial rule and the historic milestone that displayed a new potential for revolutionary literature in the Korean literary history. This paper will examine media basis and characteristics of poems on the April Revolution published from March to December 1960 to deepen the positive understanding of April revolutionary poems.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;First, the major creation basis for revolutionary poems was newspapers and magazines. Metropolitan newspapers including Dong-A Ilbo, Josun Ilbo, Kyunghyang Daily and Hankook Ilbo provided the most critical environment for creation,and regional newspapers including Kookje Sinbo, Busan Ilbo, Yeongnam Ilbo, Jeonnam Ilbo and Masan Ilbo facilitated the creative work. Meanwhile, such magazines as Sasanggye, Saebyeok, Saegye and Yeowon published less works compared to newspapers. Revolutionary poems published in newspapers and magazines were eventually regarded as accomplishments of revolutionary literature,thanks to the publication of anthologies that commemorate the April Revolution.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Second, intellectuals including professionalpoets and students participated predominantly in the creation. They published the biggest number of works in the selections of revolutionary literature and newspapers. Citizens who took part in and had a firsthand experience of the revolutionary movement can be seen as a major player in creation, but the outcomes are relatively insignificant.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Third, the creation of works is only concentrated in April, May and June of 1960. It is natural that the works were mostly published in April and May when the experience and memory of the revolution were still vivid, given the agility of newspapers. The remarkably high number of works in July and particularly June can be explained by a series of publications of revolutionary literature selections.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Fourth, as to the content of poems, the ones expressing rustic angers account for the biggest share, and commemorative and tributary poems are also significant in their numbers. They emphasized too much violent emotions and standardized consciousness of the revolution and its legitimacy as well as democratic and nationalistvalues. The biggest problem is that it is difficult to find witness poems that take a general look at the unfolding of the April Revolution.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Fifth, poems on the April Revolution, on the one hand, put the criticism of and struggles against the then Lee Seung-man government and pursued democratic, equalitarian and nationalist values both amidst and right after the revolution, but on the other hand, they also wanted to honor the noble sacrifices of victims and renew the commitment of survivors to succeed the revolutionary sprits. Yet, in the late 1960s, the frequency of revolutionary poems publications declined and they were even ignored. As it marked the first anniversary of the April Revolution, the memory was remembered only through a one-off event, and since then the revolution has become a part of regular commemorative or tributary ceremony. This means the production and reproduction of revolutionary poems had not been maintained. Therefore, it can be said that the poems on the April Revolution received only temporary and one-off interest that do not match the noble sacrifices of victims and the April Democratic Uprising has not been continuously produced and enjoyed in the history of contemporary poetry.