혜강의 사도론(師道論)에 관한 교육학적 검토

A Pedagogical Investigation of Hyegang"s View of the Teacher"s Role

&nbsp;&nbsp;The purpose of this study is to investigate the view of the teacher&quot;s role held by Hyegang(Choe Hangi: 1803-1877). As a social and political philosopher in the 19th century, Hyegang&quot;s vast body of work contains ruminations on various realms of science. This article deals with his most comprehensive political treatise, called Injeong (人政, Humane government). The result can be summarized as follows:<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) Unification of Unhwa (一統運化): Hyegang was a gi-monist: according to him, the origin of all affairs and beings was not ri (principle) or do (the Way), but the transformation of gi (unhwagi). Hyegang distinguishes three classes of unhwa (三等運化: oneself, leadership, nature and man), which are unified.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) The teaching of Unhwa (運化敎): The goal of education is to learn and teach about unhwagi (運化氣). For Hyegang, education is a system in which the three levels teaching (三層敎: personal affairs, humanity, universe).<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) View of Teacher&quot;s Role(師道): The foundation of teaching lies in unhwagi. The greatest teacher is a teacher of unhwagi, who teaches both texts and humanity.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) Teacher of Ki(氣師): One of the most striking features of Hyegang&quot;s view of the teacher&quot;s role is that he distinguishes three distinct roles. For him, the most natural situation regarding the teacher&quot;s role is when the three types - teachers of gi, texts, and humanity - are unified.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) Educational Ideas: Academic accomplishment is becoming a teacher of gi by learning about its transforming effects. Striving to become a teacher of gi is achieved by attaining correct learning and human peace. Learning about gi and teaching about it are one and the same thing.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;(6) Pedagogical wisdom: To be able to teach others well, Hyegang gives the following hints. 1) Wait until the time is right. 2) Education has to deal with the practical affairs of this world. 3) In education, language and writing are only expedients. 4) One has to take into account the student&quot;s individuality when teaching.