하산 알반나(Hasan al-Banna)의 이슬람원리주의사상

The Islamic Fundamentalism of Hasan al-Banna

&nbsp;&nbsp;The Islamic political thought of Hasan al-Banna reflects not only his growth process but also how he perceived the regional and local political situations of that time as well as how he wanted to solve the problem he faced. Those include the domination of the Western imperialism, invasion of western values, the World War I and the World War II, and impoverished socio-economic situation.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Islamic fundamentalism would refer to "modernized oppositional political movement and ideal that aim to build Islamic nation, modeled from Muslim community organized in the early Islamic days(622-661)." If it follows Shari&quot;ah and Shura, that is necessary and basic elements for building the nation, various models of nation would emerge diversely regardless of its political ideology.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Al-Banna had grown under the influence of his father who had strong religious belief in the family, and has trained mental discipline and learnt cooperation and obedience thorough various Islamic group activities in schools. He was also an activist who practiced Rida&quot;s Islamic fundamentalism.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;According to Al-Banna&quot;s perspective on history and the current situation, Islamic nation has not followed Islamic doctrines since after the age of Muhammad and the following era of the Four Kalifas. He argued disruption, lavishness, and dissipation that prevailed within the Muslim community led the invasion of the Crusades, the Mongol empire, and the Turks in the past. Therefore, the domination of non-Muslims and apathy of practical science among Muslims has finally led the invasion of European imperialism. Egypt tried to cope with the situation that the nation was suffered by economic exploitation of British imperialism and the invasion of corrupted culture. He argued that returning to the original orthodox Islam was the only answer for independence of the nation and national progress. It is because Islamic Totality and salafiyyah is the only way to solve the worldly affairs.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Al-Banna tried to achieve political, economical, social, and cultural reform through Islamic Totality. His initial reform, missionary activism, based on reformism had been transformed to Islamic political movement as the influence of Islamic Brothers grew its power. He also tried to form political power within the existing political system that sought Islamic militant as the last means.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;The political thought of Al-Banna is political practicalism that takes advantages of secularism to overcome the current situation and it includes western democracy that is based on Shari&quot;a, distribution principles of socialism, army system of Nazism in which the superior orders and the inferior obeys. The political thought of Al-Banna had made an influence on Nasserism and its political policy in the past, and today, it appears as a common phenomenon among the current Islamic fundamentalists.