이라크 종교엘리트와 부족주의 관계 연구 - 사담시대 정치시아주의를 중심으로

A Study on the Relations between Iraq Religious Elite and Tribalism - On the Political Shi"ism of Saddam Era -

&nbsp;&nbsp;Tribes and tribalism of Middle East are becoming new research area and issue area because of role enlargement of major tribes in the Middle Eastern States. Tribe and tribalism in the Middle East has been an historical entity and core of political, economic, and cultural action norm for a long time.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Political Shi&quot;ism in Iraq was a movement group to resist Baath regime but not anti-Arab nationalist. Because Arab political Shi&quot;ists were alienated from Baath regime in political, economic, social area. Arab political Shi&quot;ists have double identity, Arabs-Iraqi-Shi&quot;ists. The leaders of political Shi&quot;ism were not born in a specific family and tribe, but grown in religious environment of specific family. They have not given emphasis tribal value, but religious value and democratic participation in decision making process.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;After Iraq nation-state building, especially in the Saddam regime era, al-Sadr family and al-Hakim family have been the leader&quot;s families in political Shi&quot;ism. So I think that there is some relation between religious elite and tribe. But these Shi&quot;a religious elites didn&quot;t emphasize tribal value. I think, therefore, that there is Iraqi Shi&quot;a religious elite family or tribe, but there is no meaning relation between religious elite and tribalism.