Taxonomic review on Korean araneid spiders composed of a total of 69 species belonging to 21 genera is performed in this study providing with description and figures of morphological characteristics. Followings are main points of taxonomic studies on Korean araneid spiders. First, two unrecorded species, Arachnura logio Yaginuma, 1956 and Larinia onoi Tanikawa, 1989 are reported. Second, Neoscona doenitzi B？senberg et Strand, 1906 is synonymized to Neoscona adianta (Walckenaer 1802). Third, three misidenfitied species are reidentified: Cyclosa ginnaga Yaginuma, 1959 to Cyclosa kumadai Tanikawa 1992; Araneus tartaricus (Kroneberg, 1875) to Araneus seminiger (L. Koch 1878); Araneus viperifer Schenkel, 1963 to Araneus tsurusakii Tanikawa 2001. Fourth, two species, Cyclosa confusa B？senberg et Strand, 1906 and Araneus trigutatus (Fabricus, 1793) are eliminated from the Korean spider fauna with consideration of their geographic distribution. Fifth, the genus Mangora O. P.-Cambridge, 1889 in which only one species has been recorded from Korea, is composed of four groups (or species) according to the close examination of morphological features. Finally, phylogenetic relationship among Korean araneid spiders is inferred by WinClada version 1.00.08 (Nixon 2002) analysis of 36 morphological characters. COI (cytochrome oxidase subsubunit I) gene is not adequate for inferring phylogenetic relationship among the genera of family Araneidae judging from the result that nodes of genera were supported by low bootstrapping values in the phylogenetic trees inferred by NJ (neighbor joining) and MP (maximum parsimony) methods. Instead, this sequence region could be useful for species identification because sufficient genetic divergence was observed among species but no genetic variation was detected within species.
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