‘머무르다’의 통시적 고찰

A diachronic study of ‘meomureuda’

&nbsp;&nbsp;The conjugation of the verb ‘meomeul-’ in Korean language during the Middle Ages (15-16th century) was regular. Grammatically, it functioned as an intransitive verb. Its causative form were ‘meomeulo-/meomeulu-’, denoted by the causative suffix ‘-o/u-’. <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Today ‘meomeul-’ in modern Korean functions as an intransitive verb and the conjugation is regular just as it was during the Middle Ages. It could be highlighted that in modern Korean language, ‘meomeur？-/ meomeureu-’, a new form coming out of the category of the conjugated form of ‘meomeul-’, began to appear and functioned as a transitive verb with a causative meaning. The form of ‘meomeureu-’ is a form in which its verb stem became restructuralized through the process of ‘meomeulu-&gt; meomeuru/meomuru&gt;meomeureu/meomureu-&gt;meomureu-’.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;The coexistence of ‘meomeureu-’ and ‘meomeulu-’ continued until the 19th century, On the other hand, the spread of existing derivatives ‘meomeulo/meomeulu-’ were replaced by ‘meomeureu-’ from 17th century. ‘meomeureu-’ conjugated regularly when they first appeared, However, they started to show irregular conjugation in the late 18th century. The irregular conjugation of ‘meomeureu-’ seems to be inferred from the inflection of words having a stem ‘reu’ such as ‘gareu-’.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;From the 18th century, ‘meomeulge h？-’, the causative form of ‘meomeul-’, appeared. Therefore, there are three types of the causative expression of ‘meomeul-’ in modern Korean language; ‘meomeureu-’ in thelexical dimension, ‘meomeul-+-o/u-’ in the derivative dimension, and ‘meomeul-+-ge h？-’ in the grammatical dimension. <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;‘meomeureu-’와 ‘meomulo-/meomulu-’ of the same meaning and the same grammatical structure were in competitive relations and the distribution of ‘meomeulu-’ shrank as a result of getting behind in the competition. <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;‘meomeureu- functioned only as a transitive verb before Oryunhaengsildo: A book for moral rules to govern the Five Human Relations), however, many examples that they functioned as an intransitive verb appeared in the late 19th century.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;There were no restrictions in connecting ‘meomul-’ with the suffixes begin with vowels until the mid-19th century. However, this trend declined in the late 19th century, and finally it was settled that ‘meomeul-’ would connect only with suffixes that begin with consonants and ‘meomeureu-’ would connect with both types of suffixes in 20th century. <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;At present, ‘meomureu-’ has no transitive verb function and can be divided into allomorphic types ‘meomul-’ and ‘meomureu-’ that function as an intransitive verb. The causative function of ‘meomeureu-’ was replaced by the form of ‘-ge ha-’ which has historically competed with ‘meomureu-’.