일본 에도시대(江戶時代) 여성의 결발양식(結髮樣式)과 머리장식에 관한 연구

A Study on Women’s Coiffure Styles and Hair Ornaments in the Edo period of Japan

&nbsp;&nbsp;This study was purposed to investigate women&quot;s coiffure styles and hair ornaments in the Edo period of Japan in which Japanese coiffure styles was prospered and the traditional Japanese hairdo was completed, and resulted in following conclusions.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;1. Japanese coiffure styles consisted of four parts of Maegami, Mage, Tabo, and Bin and there had been developments and transformations in the order of Maegami, Mage, Tabo and Bin. Although there was no distinct difference in the Maegami part throughout the period, the Mage part consisted critical part of women&quot;s coiffure style in the Edo period in which the part showed plain figure with no stump in the early days and became to have stump made with several complicated arts since the middle days, thereby it could represent their differentiated status, class and job of the person who wore it.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;It was difficult to tell the Tabo part from the Bin part in early days, but balanced beauty was purposed using subsidiary accessories used to be unseen in the latter days.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;2. In the early days of the Edo period, such simple coiffure styles as Karawamage and Hyogomage which had no stumps and hair tied in the upper were in fashion. In the middle years, Simadamage, Kachyamamage and Kogaimage styles which had stumps and the Tabo part extruded toward the rear direction were emerged and prevailed. Baimage and Marumage styles which had hair expanded from side to side with both Bin&quot;s set with accessories were prosperous in the latter years.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;3. Hair ornaments allowed the coiffure styles of complicated structure a kind of unified beauty and showed high senses of beauty of women in the period. Combs, a tool used for combing the hair was not for ornament but fixed into the hair directly in the early days, but diversified in its forms and materials for ornament since the middle years. Kanzashi, the most gorgeous ornament among the fixings for tied hairdos was made for decorative purpose mainly in the early but it became to have practical purpose also after the appearance of ear-pick in its head. And its forms, materials and positions of fixing represent status and age of the person who wore it. Hairpin had a simple form of stick for making a topknot in the early days, and it developed into gorgeous ones which had separated parts of main in the center hidden in the hair and both sides for ornament made with several materials since the middle years.