기업도시 개발의 경제적 효과

Economic Impacts of Developing Enterprise Cities

&nbsp;&nbsp;An enterprise city is initially proposed by the Federation of Korean Industries with purpose to hosting economic activities including manufacturing and tourism industries. In addition to its main function of hosting industrial, research and tourism activities, an enterprise city will contribute on the investment promotion, creation of employment, and balanced national development. According to their main function, enterprise cities are classified into four types of cities such as industry-trade type, knowledge-based type, tourism-leisure type, innovative hub type. Currently 6 areas are selected for sites of eneterprise cities, Wonju and Chunju as cities of knowledge-based type, Muan as citiy for industry-trade type, Taean, Muju, and Yeongam-Haenam as cities of tourism-leisure type.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;On the contrary to our expectation, however, this national project is very slowly progressing due to the low economic feasibility. Politically biased emphasizing on the balanced territorial development, National Capital region is excluded from the location of an enterprise cities. Thus, major companies and foreign investors hesitates to invest on this projects. The success of enterprise cities highly depends on effectively inducing the foreign and domestic investment. Under the scenario of portion of foreign investment to total investment, this study investigates the effect of developing enterprise cities on both regional and national economics. This study uses the Multi-Regional Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium model which consists of 8 regions and 17 industries. The empirical results show that Muan enterprise city raises accumulated GRDP from 2008 to 2012 by about 2,209 billion～2,320 billion korean won. Employment of Honam area where Muan is located rises by 4,2331～45,470 persons. Chungju enterprise city raises accumulated GRDP from 2008 to 2012 by about 503 billion～536 billion won and increase employment of Chungbuk area by 4,2331～45,470 persons. Wonju enterprise city raises accumulated GRDP from 2008 to 2012 by about 466.8 billion～491.2 billion won and creates additional employment of Kangwon area by 14,614～15,452 persons. Taean enterprise city raises accumulated GRDP by 3,161.5 billion～3,311.3 billion won and creates employment of Chungnam area by 62,644～66,200 persons. Muju enterprise city increases accumulated GRDP by about 1,479.6 billion～1,525.5 billion won and creates new employment of Honam area by 27,226～29,920 persons. GDP elasticity with respect to the investment on each enterprise city is 0.86～1.37 of Muan, 0.84～1.36 of Chungju, 0.63～1.16 of Wonju, 0.97～1.51 of Taean, 0.87～1.54 of Muju. The analysis shows that increasing FDI and/or inducing potential domestic investment is an important factor to effectively develope enterprise cities. In order to do that, government removes institutional obstacles of investment and also constructs road, railroad and other transportation infrastructures at the beginning of developing enterprise city.