인구감소의 경제적 효과 - 일본의 사례를 중심으로

  This paper analyzes the economic effects of structural change of Japanese population. The results are to be summarized as follows. First, Declining population growth itself would not bring a serious harm on economy as long as productivity growth rate is to be kept. Second, population declining had been occurred many times in the past but aging population caused by high average life expectancy is completely new phenomenon in the history of mankind. Increase in dependency rate due to growth of the elderly is expected the most serious factor that will lower the economic welfare. Japanese experience gives us that the pension systems are needed to be reformed in order to reduce inequality between generations. And active policies for employing the elderly is necessary including lengthening of retirement age, re-employment, and so on.