한국의 경제개발과 미국, 1948-1965 - 경제계획과 공업화정책을 중심으로

Economic Development of Korea and America, 1948-65

&nbsp;&nbsp;The purpose of this study is to review the role of America in early economic development of Korea that absolutely depended on the aid granted by America. The early studies drew conclusion that America was very important in Korean economic development. This paper examined it by analysing two factor of economic growth: economic development plan and export-led industrialization strategy. Two conclusions is gotten.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Firstly, America in Korea economic development played the role of two sides. On the one hand, America is very important in that it supplied development funds for Korea. Especially, Korea in 1950s and the first half of 1960s experienced the low standard of living. But Korea alone could not solve it because the development-driving resources were short. On the other hand, it restricted the scope of Korean development to a little sections. For example, America supported the build-up of consumer-goods industries instead of opposing the construction of basic industries such as fertilizer, steel, oil refinery, shipbuilding, and so on.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Secondly, export growth in 1960s was due to policy transformation from import substitution to export orientation. Of course, America played the important roles of this transformation, but to more important was changing cognition on export and development-will of Korea Government.