가사의 유형분류문제 재론

Reconsidering Typical Classification of

Until now Gasa(歌辭) works have not been classified by the author, the social, periodical or a material matter/a subject matter, but by the classifier's view or impression. Thus it is not reasonable to classify "Gasa" into 3, 7, 8, 10, 11, 15, 21, 34 type, etc. Most of Gasa were written and enjoyed by the gentry in the early Joseon dynasty. However, after Japanese invasion into Korea, Joseon society was changed greatly and Gasa were written and enjoyed by the common people and even by women and Budda monks. That's why it is needed for Gasa to be classified by the period: the first period of Joseon and after. The gentry’s way of life consisted of only two ways: one is social life (出) and the other is family life(處). The confucians who lived in the rural country wrote the wise type of Gasa and did their official duties. They always tried to keep the strict rule of Procrustean literature. Joseon dynasty witnessed a lot of party stripe and massacre of Confucian literati. Many confucians retired into their hermit and enjoyed a rural life. They created river/lake type of Gasa(江湖型歌辭) and Procrustean type of literature based on Do(載道的 文學觀). In conclusion, it is needed to classify Gasa according to their characters into the following two categories: the wise type(顯達型) and the river/lake type(江湖型). The wise type can be divided into sub-categories such as the war type, the tour-record type, the moral and motto type, the scenery type, etc. The river/lake type can be divided into the following sub-categories such as the hermit type and the loyal type.