본 연구는 중증 장애아동의 조부모가 인식하는 경험과 역할, 그리고 조부모의 지원 요구를 이해하기 위하여 질적 연구접근을 통한 현상학적 연구방법을 사용하였다. 본 연구에는 중증장애아동의 조부모 10명이 참여하였으며, 이들은 준 구조적 및 개방식 인터뷰에 응답하였다. 인터뷰는 60-90분 정도가 소요되었고, 질적 연구자료 분석 소프트웨어인 NVivo 7을 이용하여 인터뷰 내용에 대한 코딩(coding), 개념화(conceptualizing), 그리고 범주(categories)를 확정하였다. 연구 결과, 손자녀의 장애에 대한 조부모의 초기 반응은 부정, 충격, 비탄, 그리고 슬픔으로 표현되었다. 하지만 이러한 부정적 초기반응 이후 조부모들은 비장애 손자녀를 둔 다른 조부모들과 마찬가지로, 손자녀와 함께 이야기하고, 놀며, 여러 가지 교육.치료적 활동에 참여하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 조부모들은 장애 손자녀의 부모에게 실질적, 정서적, 및 경제적 지원을 제공하였다. 조부모들은 장애아 조부모로서 자신들의 역할을 적극적이고 효과적으로 수행할 수 있도록 하는 정보 및 지원이 필요하다고 요구 하였다.
This study investigated how the grandparents of children with severe disabilities perceived their experiences and roles. This study used a qualitative methodology, especially focused on phenomenology. Ten grandparents participated in the qualitative interviews. The interviews were implemented in the participant's home, the child' school, or the facilities of the child's special education services. The duration was diverse, but they generally lasted 60 to 90 minutes. In order to manage and analyze the collected data in the qualitative analysis, the researcher used NVivo 7(designed by QSR). NVivo 7 stores all the interview transcriptions as well as coded, analyzed, and categorized data. after each interview, the transcription of the audio recordings was completed. A computer word-processing program was used to transcribe each interview word-for-word. The find and replace feature of the word processing program gave substitute names to the original participants. The interview transcripts were subsequently transferred into NVivo 7. As the initial reactions after learning about their grandchild's disability, grandparents felt denial, frustration, grief, and sadness. Although grandparents experienced these initial negative reactions, they adjusted to having a grandchild with a disability as time passed. Grandparents interacted with their grandchild by spending time together. Grandparents provided support for the child's parents practically, emotionally, and/or financially. Grandparents needed supports for themselves to better implement their grandparent role. This study insists that like the necessity of supports for parents of children with disabilities, supports for grandparents are also significant and necessary. Therefore, the educators and professionals who work with families of children with disabilities need to recognize the grandparents' important role in these families.
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