19세기 영국소설에 나타난 영국 차문화의 특성

English Tea Culture Represented in the 19th Century Novels

In the 19th century England, modern capitalism has been fortified in the process of industrialization and urbanization. Even though tea was transferred to England in the 17th century, tea-oriented everyday life style has been universalized. This paper deals with the characteristics of English tea culture represented in the 19th century English novels. For upper and middle class, tea was essential in social communications, such as tea parties, music concerts, and tea rooms. The life of lower class was not so abundant but tea has been sunk into everyday life such as high tea dinner, tea break in the work places, and potluck-type country tea parties. Social novels such as Dickens' 'Pickwick Papers' and Gaskel's 'Mary Barton' envisaged that tea in the Victorian age was very popular and almost every class enjoyed tea time and tea life according to income and socio-economic status. The 19th century England was the great novel and flourishing tea culture era. Ordinary English women enjoyed tea in reading novels and they invented new kinds of tea ceremonies such as Afternoon tea. Tea have been mingled with dinner, creating High tea and with working time, creating Tea Break. These new inventions of tea times widened tea drinking space and time. The 19th century novel showed vividly these new creations and how much English people enjoyed tea time. Tea has always been with people, everywhere and everytime, characterizing the 19th century as the great tea era.