만 5세반 유아의 자유선택활동시 의사결정 상황과 반응

The Decision-Making and Response in Free-choice Activity of 5-year-old Class

본 연구에서는 만 5세 유아들이 자유선택활동시 보이는 의사결정의 상황과 그에 대한 반응에 대해서 탐구하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 만 5세 유아들 24명을 대상으로 자유선택활동 시간에 의사결정이 이루어지는 상황과 그에 대한 유아들의 반응을 참여 관찰하였다. 본 연구 결과 유아들은 놀이상황에서 주어지는 물리적 단서, 사회적 단서, 심리적 단서에 의해 의사결정을 시작하였으며, 유아들은 의사결정을 하는 동안 상대방의 대안에 대해 수용하기, 제안하기, 요청하기, 설득하기와 같은 긍정적인 반응과 거부하기, 비난하기, 항의하기, 위협하기와 같은 부정적인 반응들을 보였으며 이러한 반응들은 자신이 원하는 방향으로 의사결정이 이루어지게 하는 다양한 전략이 되고 있었다.

In this study 5-year-old children's decision-making process and their response to it were explored. The subjects were 24 kindergarten students participating in free-choice activity. Qualitative analysis, observation, in-depth interviews were used as research methods. Particularly, participant observations were carried out 1-2 times a week for 2 months from September 22 to November 22. According to the observation, children started to make decisions when the physical, social, and psychological cues are met. For example, physical cues in which the space were not enough for the children to play in, or the number of the players was limited, or the toys were insufficient for their needs, made the children conduct decision-making. Likewise, social cues: when children wanted to change play's subject, or when some children didn't play by the rules. Psychological cues: when the objective of play was changed, or when motivation for learning appeared. Secondly, some children showed positive response to others' opinions such as accepting, supposing, requiring, and persuading. Also, some children showed negative response like rejecting, criticising, protesting, and threatening. The implications of this study are follows. Teachers might need to help children to understand their situations with a fair judgement's basis. In addition, teachers are encouraged to aid children in accepting different opinions so that they may reach to a reasonable decision-making.