캐나다 퀘벡의 프랑스어 몰입교육 탄생의 사회, 역사적 배경

The social and historical background of the first French immersion program in Quebec, Canada

This paper attempts to examone the social and historical background of the French immersion program in the 1960s in Quebec, Canada. First, the paper discusses a variety of immersion programs around the world and attempts to define what an immersion language program is by comparing similar types of language programs. Second, it presents a brief history of the French-speaking Quebec province, focusing on the historical development and the identity struggles of the French-speaking Quebecois in Canada. Third, political and social turmoils like the Quiet Revolution in the 1960s and 1970s are discussed. Fourth, a series of major language bills (e.g., Bill 63, Bill 22, and Bill 101) passed during the period are dealt with to show how French-speaking Quebecois approached the French language to rebuild a French-dominated society in Quebec. Finally, this paper discusses how the social and historical background naturally led some English speaking parents to initiate and choose such a revolutionary language program to help their children survive in the emerging French-dominated society. Finally, its implications policies (e.g., English immersion education in Korea) should be dealt with in its social and historical contexts of a specific society.