철기 II 시대 이스라엘 도시화와 종교 연구

A Study on the Iron Age II Urbanism and Religion in Ancient Israel:The Functional Role of the Ancient Israelite City on the Official Religion

The thesis of this study is that urban life exercised a significant and positive influence upon Israelite religion during the Iron Age II period, 10th-6th centuries BCE. This study has attempted to demonstrate that the city and its urban life had an impact on Yahweh religion that exhibited positive outcomes. Israel acquired more formal structures, full-time cultic personnel(priests), and greater centralization of Yahweh worship. Although Israel shared some of the religious beliefs and practices of its neighbors as a results of its adoption of parts of the Canaanite cultural heritage, Israel's unique religion is clearly evident in its understanding of God and its practices in cult, liturgy, and urban life. Archaeology has provided useful information about the physical aspects of the city and city structures in ancient Israel. The physical layout of the city, structures, and objects used in their daily life has interpreted as to understand religious characteristics of the Iron Age II(1000-586 BCE). The physical aspects of the city will enhance out understanding of the urban setting and its characteristics. The city was historically and theologically seen as a place of refuge, of justice, and of religious life. A description of the development of religion during the monarchy is found in Genesis 28 and 35 in the pre-monarchic period. As indicated in 1 Kings 12, the religious development occurred as Israelite religion entered the urban setting. The contributions of urban life to YHWH Religion are found in the role of professional cultic functionaries whose primary role was to maintain the traditions of the past, the rite of festivals that brought urban and rural dwellers together in the city and its gate complex and exposed them to urban religious life, and the institution of the city gate that brought diverse peoples, the written tradition that preserved the practices of tradition, and the system of court that became a motif and expression of YHWH's concern for justice in the city.