계사 활용 형식 ‘-이다’와 ‘-이라’의 통시태

A diachrony of the copula inflectional forms '-ida(이다)' and 'ira(이라)'

This paper aims at considering the diachronical usage of ‘-ida(이다)’ and ‘-ira(이라)’ that is a inflective form of copula in a declarative sentence, and to make clear the background of historical development process that changes as ‘-ida(刂ㅣ) → -ira(이라) → -ida(이다)’ in a sentence structure ending part. In this changing process, the characteristic of ‘-da(다)’ and ‘-ra(라)’ that the objective or subjective describing attitude of speaker to a proposition is placed in that foundation, and whether or not the point of view of narration is transferred works as a background. The reason why ‘-da(다)’ form that the objective describing attitude of speaker is placed in that foundation is used dominantly in Sekdokgugyeol documents is seemed to result from the peculiarity of Sekdokgugyeol that is based on understanding the content and the original narrator's point of view of narration is reflected as it is. On the other hand, in Hunminjeongeum documents, the ‘-ra(라)’ form which takes charge of the function of speech act to a listner following the transition of the point of view of narration, and that the subjective describing attitude of speaker is placed in that foundation is used dominantly.