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Enhancement of Surface Hardness of Stainless Steel by Laser Peening

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Experimental results for the laser shock peening of stainless steels, duplex stainless steel and STS304, for the enhancement of surface hardness are reported. A high power Nd:YAG laser (532 nm, 2nd harmonics) was used to irradiate the workpiece in water at the irradiances of 5, 10, 15 GW/cm2. The surface of a workpiece was covered with Fe or Al foil for protection of the original surface and reduction of laser reflection. The laser pulse densities were varied from 25 pulse/mm2 to 75 pulse/mm2. In the case of the STS304, the surface hardness increased with increasing pulse density and the maximum increase of about 29% was achieved using Fe foil at 10 GW/cm2 and 75 pulse/mm2 conditions. The maximum increase in surface hardness of duplex stainless steel was about 8% at 10 GW/cm2 and 75 pulse/mm2 with also Fe foil. In the case of the Al foil, less increase of surface hardness was obtained, possibly due to the thermal expansion effect.

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