1945-1960년 사이의 영어영문학 교육

English Language and Literature Education at Five Korean Universities from 1945 to 1960

This study aims at examining teaching of English language and literature at five Korean universities, that is, Seoul National University, Yonhi University (the former Yonsei University), Korea University, Ewha Womans University, and SungKyunkwan University, from 1945 to 1960. The first part will explore the origin and development of English studies in England and the U. S. the second part will deal with teaching English at the higher institutions mainly by analyzing curricula and cataloging textbooks and instructors. English education in Korea during the period was not fully systemized and implemented because of outbreaks of war and poor economy. It is 1954 that saw a drastic change in English education. The Ministry of Education passed the law lowering the number of credits required for graduation from 180 to 160. English curricula can be approached from two perspectives, that is, the constitution of diverse fields of English studies and arrangement of courses by school year. English curricula during the time demonstrate some characteristics regarding the formation of its disciplinary subjects. First, all universities offered a large number of courses on British literature, which was divided by genre and century. On the other hand, they provided one or two American literature courses. This can be explained by the lack of faculty member who majored in American literature. Second, English departments put less emphasis on linguistics than on British literature, which is proved by the meager number of courses on the former. Third, practical English courses such as conversation and writing account for a significant part of the curricula. This union of practical English and English studies proper in early English department echoes the juxtaposition of English composition and literary studies at Havard in the 1890s. In terms of arrangement of courses by school year, English curricula illustrate the following principles. English departments offered introductory English courses and general courses on humanities for freshmen and Sophomores. However, English courses for Juniors and Seniors mainly focus on British literature subdivided by genre and century and on other special topics. In conclusion, early English curricula at the Korean institutions are neither well-organized nor well-balanced. They did not carefully consider level of courses, prerequisites, and the continuity of some tracks such as British literature, American literature, and practical English.